"In this book, Diop compares the political and social systems of Europe and black Africa from antiquity to the formation of modern states. Throughout, his intent is not to provide a history as such, but rather guidelines for historians and others who seek a scientific understanding of Precolonial societies in Africa, the Mediterranean, and Europe and their links with the earliest known stages of human development. Students and scholars of Africa and world history will be challenged by Diop's original - though controversial - analysis of the similarities and striking differences between black Africa and the West." -- Amazon.com viewed June 12, 2020.