The European Union (EU) is a vital focus for developing countries. Not only is it the largest source of aid and technical cooperation, but it is also the world's largest market for their exports. EU policies are therefore of immediate concern for the countries of Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Mediterranean. Traditionally the EU has organized its relations with developing countries on a regional basis, reflecting the origins of the European Community in the 1950s as essentially a regionalist western European organizations. However, the late 1990s are the era of globalization and the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO) increasingly threaten the regional trade preferences on which the EU's patchwork of regional arrangements rest. This book examines the EU response to these major strategic shifts in world economic relations following the end of the Cold War and the technological innovation which have made globalization a reality. It analyzes the patchwork of relationships between the 15 member states and more than 140 countries throughout Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Mediterranean, examining the recent evolution and prospects for the future from a multidisciplinary perspective.